PAKISTAN’S BUSINESS COMMUNITY TRADE FACILITATION WITH AFRICA: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF KENYA AND SOUTH AFRICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37435/NBR23061001Keywords:
Pakistan-Africa trade, Trade facilitation, Business communityAbstract
ABSTRACT
Purpose: Exploring the role of business companies in facilitating trade between Pakistan and Africa, this paper focuses in particular on Kenya and South Africa . It examines the impact of these companies on bilateral trade relations, lessons learned from the trade facilitation experiences of Pakistan's business community in Kenya and South Africa and their implications for future trade partnerships.
References
Amir, S., & Khan, U. E. (2020). Market Access Series 2020-21: The Republic of South
Africa. Available at https://www.pbc.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/TheRepublic-of-South-Africa.pdf, (Retrieved 18 March 2021)
Ahmadani, A. (2023). "Pakistan decides to enhance relationship with African
countries",Profit by Pakistan Today, available
at:https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2023/05/04/pakistan-decides-toenhance-relationship-with-african-countries/ (Retrieved 20 May 2023).
Ahmad, Dr. I. (2022). (rep.). Pakistan Economic Survey 2021-22 (pp. 1–548). Economic
Adviser’s Wing, Ministry of Finance. Available at
https://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter_22/Economic%20Survey%202
-22.pdf (Retrieved 18 March 2023)
Ali, S. (2022). "Pak 'Engage Africa' policy has rejuvenated trajectory of relations with
African countries, NA committee told",The Nation, available at:
https://www.nation.com.pk/25-Oct-2022/pak-engage-africa-policy-hasrejuvenated-trajectory-of-relations-with-african-countries-na-committeetold (Retrieved 10 January 2023).
Altaf, A. (Retd) T. (2020). Pakistan's Engage Africa Policy (Policy Brief No. 9), pp. 1-3
IPS, available at: https://www.ips.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2022/02/07-
Foreign-policy-Brief-9-Pakistan-Engage-Africa-Policy.pdf (Retrieved April
, 2023).
Andae, G. (2023), "Kenya in Talks to Barter Tea for Pakistani Rice",Business Daily
Africa, available at:
https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/bd/markets/commodities/kenya-intalks-to-barter-tea-for-pakistani-rice--4141208 (Retrieved 10 May 2023).18
Anouar, S. (2022), "Pakistan Eyes African Market with Call to Boost Trade with
Morocco", Morocco World News, available at:
https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2022/10/352055/pakistan-eyesafrican-market-with-call-to-boost-trade-with-morocco (Retrieved 16
January 2023).
Asif. (2023), "Round Table Discussion on 'African Continental Free Trade Area'
Held",Associated Press of Pakistan, available
at:https://www.app.com.pk/national/round-table-discussion-on-africancontinental-free-trade-area-held/ (Retrieved 12 June 2023).
Asma Rashid, & Ghauri, A. (2020). Pakistan’s Trade with Africa: Peculiarities and
Road ahead. Margalla Papers, 24(1), 122–131.
Begashaw, B. (2020). Strategies to Deliver On the Sustainable Development Goals in
Africa. (1st ed.). Africa Growth Initiative at Brookings. Available at
https://www.brookings.edu/wpcontent/uploads/2020/01/ForesightAfrica20
_20200110.pdf (Retrieved 24 June 2022)
Bishnoi, R., & Kumari, S. (2020). Challenges Faced by FPOs & Strategies to
Overcome: A Review. International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science
and Technology (IJAAST), 7(6), 25-33.
Bughio , Z. N. (2021). Pakistan and Africa: the common thread. Available at
https://www.brecorder.com/news/40092194 (Retrieved 18 March 2023)
Cho, J. Y., & Lee, E. H. (2014). Reducing confusion about grounded theory and
qualitative content analysis: Similarities and differences. Qualitative
Report, 19(32). Available at
https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1232&context=asc
_papers (Retrieved 25 May 2023)
Telecom Review Africa (2023). Kenya's Digital Future: A Journey of Connectivity,
Innovation and Prosperity. Telecom Review Africa. Available at
(Retrieved 25 May 2023)
Pakistan and Kenya in Barter Trade (2023). Maritime Gateway. Available at
https://www.maritimegateway.com/pakistan-and-kenya-in-barter-trade/
(Retrieved 15 March 2023)
Pakistan's largest Thar coal-based power plant turned on (2023). Pakistan Observer.
Available at https://pakobserver.net/pakistans-largest-thar-coal-basedpower-plant-turned-on/ (Retrieved 10 March 2023)
García, M.C.D and Carter, S. (2009), "Resource mobilization through business
owners' networks: is gender an issue?” International Journal of Gender and
Entrepreneurship, 1(3), pp. 226-252, doi:DOI 10.1108/17566260910990919
South Africa Keen to Expand Ties with Pakistan: Envoy (2022). Islamabad Post,
available at: https://islamabadpost.com.pk/south-africa-keen-to-expandties-with-pakistan-envoy-2/ (Retrieved 16 January 2023).19
Dykan, V. (2021). Evaluating the Efficiency of the Synergistic Effect in the Business
Network. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 1(2), 51–61.
doi:10.15549/jeecar.v8i1.646.
Pakistan-Africa Trade Development Conference Offers 100s of Avenues for New
Business Growth (2022). Sandton Chronicles. Available at
January 2023)
Fatima, J. (2023). Exploring the Road Ahead: Pakistan, Ethiopia, andthe Look Africa
Initiative in the Realm Of Bilateral Economic Collaboration. Journal of
Positive School Psychology, 7(6), 37-57.
Ilyas, I. (2021). (rep.). "Exploring Pakistan's Trade Potential in the African Region", pp.
-59, TDAP, available at: https://tdap.gov.pk/wpcontent/uploads/2022/03/Exploring-Pakistans-Trade-Potential-in-theAfrican-Region.pdf (Retrieved 10 January 2023).
Kahongeh, J. (2020). Pakistan-Kenya Relations. Available at
https://cdn.nation.co.ke/pdfs/Pakistan-Kenya_Relations_Feature.pdf,
(Retrieved 20 April 2021)
Khan, T. (2021). Pakistan’s Trade Policy towards Prioritized African States: Case of SouthSouth Cooperation (thesis). Bahria University, Islamabad.
Khan, A. A. (2020). Expanding Diplomatic Footprint: Pakistan and East Africa.
Center for Strategic and Contemporary Research. Available at
https://cscr.pk/explore/themes/trade-economics/expanding-diplomaticfootprint-pakistan-and-east-africa/ (Retrieved 20 February 2023)
Khan, A. A. (2021). Pakistan's Engage Africa Policy and the Future of Pak-Afro Ties.
CSCR. Available at https://cscr.pk/explore/themes/tradeeconomics/pakistans-engage-africa-policy-and-the-future-of-pak-afro-ties/
(Retrieved 2 February 2023)
Khan, Dr. U. A. (2022). Anomalies in Pak-Africa bilateral trade regime. Tribune.
Available at https://tribune.com.pk/story/2385879/anomalies-in-pak-africabilateral-trade-regime (Retrieved 20 January 2023)
Khan, M. Z. (2017). Pakistan's 'Look Africa Plan' Envisions Greater Bilateral Trade.
Dawn., Available at https://www.dawn.com/news/1359489 (Retrieved 20
February 2023)
Khan, T., & Naidu & Muresan. (24 March 2021). AFCFTA and Africa, Pakistan’s
Africa Policy. A video and online interview. Youtube, Islamabad, Available
at https://youtu.be/oa0GoCGNdZQ (Retrieved 21 April 2023)
Khan, U. E. (2022). Pakistan-Kenya Bilateral Trade Analysis. (Ser. Country Report,
pp. 1-42). TDAP. Available at https://tdap.gov.pk/wpcontent/uploads/2022/01/1.3-Kenya_final.pdf (Retrieved 16 March 20230
Kundi, I. A. (2022). "3rd Pakistan Africa Trade Development Conference in South
Africa from 29th",The Nation, available at:https://www.nation.com.pk/23-
Nov-2022/3rd-pakistan-africa-trade-development-conference-in-southafrica-from-29th (Retrieved 20 February 2023).20
Krishnan, Dr. S. V. (2018). Africa -Pakistan Relations. Available at
https://www.academia.edu/38328941/Africa_Pakistan_Relations_Dr_VK_p
df, (Retrieved 12 September 2020)
Mahmood, T., & Arshed, N. (2022). Identifying the Demand-Based financial issues
in the agriculture sector of Pakistan: a qualitative thematic analysis. iRASD
Journal of Management, 4(1), 26-37.
Market Access Series 2020-21: The Republic of South Africa. PBC. (2021). Available
at https://www.pbc.org.pk/research/market-access-series-2020-21-therepublic-of-south-africa/ (Retrieved 20 February 2023)
Ministry of Commerce Pakistan. (2019). Look Africa Policy Initiative. Available at
https://www.commerce.gov.pk/look-africa-policy/ (Retrieved 20 November
Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021). Foreign Minister's Virtual Meeting on Economic
Diplomacy with Pakistani Envoys in African Countries [Press release].
Available at http://mofa.gov.pk/foreign-ministers-virtual-meeting-oneconomic-diplomacy-with-pakistanienvoys-in-african-countries/
(Retrieved 20 February 2023)
Nadeem, T., & Abbasi, A. (2022). (rep.). (F. Khaliq, , Ed.)The State of Pakistan’s
Economy (pp. 1–166). SBP. Available at
https://www.sbp.org.pk/reports/half/arFY22/Complete.pdf (Retrieved 18
March 2023)
Obulutsa, G. (2010). Kenya seeks investors for coal exploration. Reuters. Available at
https://www.reuters.com/article/kenyaexplorationidUSLDE68F05E2010091
(Retrieved 20 November 2022)
Paracha, S. (2019). Commerce Ministry's 'Look Africa Plan' A Mere Eyewash. Profit.
Available at https://profit.pakistantoday.com.pk/2019/02/21/commerceministrys-look-africa-plan-a-mere-eyewash/ (Retrieved 20 March 2023)
Pakistan exports to Kenya (2021). Available at
https://tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/exports/kenya (Retrieved 20 April
Raza, F. (2020). "Pakistan Engages Africa through Economic Diplomacy",Asia Times,
available at: https://asiatimes.com/2020/06/pakistan-engages-africa-througheconomic-diplomacy/ (Retrieved 20 December 2022).
Rashid, A. ., & Anjum Ghouri. (2020). Pakistan’s Trade with Africa: Peculiarities and
Road Ahead. Margalla Papers, 24(1), 122–131.
Rafique, N. (2020). ENGAGE AFRICA between Pakistan and African Countries. In
Proceedings of the two-day Envoys’ Conference. Available at
https://issi.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/ENGAG_AFRICA_Nov_27-
_-2019.pdf (Retrieved 18 March 2021)
Rössler, P. (2013). Comparative content analysis. In The Handbook of Comparative
Communication Research (pp. 481-490). Routledge.
Saffee, A. (2017). Reinvigorating Pakistan's 'Look Africa' Policy. Briefs. Islamabad:
Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad. Retrieved 20 March 2023 from21
http://issi.org.pk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Final_IB_Saffee_dated_10-4-
Salahuddin, S. (2021). Reinvigorating Pakistan and Africa Relations through
Enhancing Cross Continental Trade. Islamabad: Center for Global and
Strategic Studies. Available at
https://cgss.com.pk/paper/pdf/Reinvigorating-Pakistan-and-Africa
Relations-through-Enhancing-Cross-Continental-Trade.pdf (Retrieved 20
December 2022)
Siddiqa, A. (2022). Cultural and creative industries: Roadmap to expanding
Pakistani exports to Africa. The Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 30(2),
-34.
Siddiqui, R. A. (2019). "Pakistan-Africa Relations: Appraisal and Future
Prospects",Politico Pakistan, available
at:https://pakistanpolitico.com/pakistan-africa-relations-appraisal-andfuture-prospects/ (Retrieved 20 January 2023)
Storonyanska, I., Ivashko, O., &Mieszajkina, E. (2022). Trust as a Catalyst of
Economic Growth: A National and Regional Breakdown. Sustainability,
(15168), 1–14. Doi: 10.3390/su142215168.
Staff, P. (2022). 3rd Pakistan-Africa Trade Development Conference Concludes,
Available at https://propakistani.pk/2022/12/01/3rd-pakistan-africa-tradedevelopment-conference-concludes/ (Retrieved 18 March 2021)
Sulaiman, S. (2022). Economic Diplomacy in Africa: Options and Opportunities for
Pakistan. Journal of Contemporary Studies, 11(1), 1–16.
https://doi.org/10.54690/jcs.v11i1.209
The New International. (2020). "Pakistan Aims to Double Trade with Africa in Five
Years". available at:https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/606477-pakistanaims-to-double-trade-with-africa-in-five-years (Retrieved 20 March 2023).
Todeva, E. (2014). Business network theory and the role of country of origin. World
Congress of Sociology Facing an Unequal World: Challenges for Global
Sociology. Available at
https://isaconf.confex.com/isaconf/wc2014/webprogram/Paper67029.html
(Retrieved April 15, 2023)
Vaismoradi, M., Turunen, H., &Bondas, T. (2013). Content analysis and thematic
analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative descriptive study.
Nursing & Health Sciences, 15(3), 398-405.
Dykan, V., Pakharenko, O., Saienko, V., Skomorovskyi, A., & Neskuba, T. (2021).
Evaluating the efficiency of the synergistic effect in the business
network. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research
(JEECAR), 8(1), 51-61..
Wasike, A. (2020). Pakistan-Africa Trade Conference kicks off in Nairobi. Available
at https://www.aa.com.tr/en/africa/pakistan-africa-trade-conference-kicksoff-in-nairobi/1719269 (Retrieved 20 April 2022)22
Zeb Khan, Mubarak. (2017). "Pakistan's ‘Look Africa Plan’ Envisions Greater
Bilateral Trade". Dawn, Available a https://www.dawn.com/news/1359489
(Retrieved 5 April 2023)

